Posted by: Jack Mankin (mrbatspeed@aol.com) on Mon Dec 29 21:43:06 2003

>>> What is this bottom hand guiding bat and top hand lending the power some are writing about. How can the top hand palm up with the elbow riding the hip be creating the power in the swing. How do you see the hands working in the swing. <<<

Hi Donny

For those new to the site, it is understandable how foreign the batting principles discussed here must sound. The discussions take quite a departure from the rehashing of old linear batting cues one normally finds. -- Below are a couple of posts from the archives that discusses the role of the hands in the rotational swing.

Jack Mankin

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Re: THT
Posted by: Jack Mankin (mrbatspeed@aol.com on Mon Sep 8 15:14:35 2003

>>> Following is a link to a file with some frames showing my interpretation of THT. Please let us know if this is correct. How do you teach it? Is the que flatten the hands useful? (The file is best viewed in frame by frame mode)

(http://webpages.charter.net/nickkio/THT.mpg

Thanks, Nick >>>

Hi Nick:

In order to generate maximum bat speed at contact, the better hitters first accelerate the bat-head back toward the catcher before rotating and directing their energies at the ball. The purpose of Top-Hand-Torque is to apply forces to the bat that will accelerate the bat-head in an arc back toward the catcher. With many hitters, Bonds and Sosa to name a couple, the bat-head is accelerated back in two phases.

The first phase occurs prior to shoulder rotation and we refer to it as “Pre-launch” Torque. During this phase, the batter starts with the bat cocked forward toward the pitcher and has his hands some distance from the back-shoulder. Bonds, for example, starts with his hands low and forward from the back-shoulder. As he prepares the launch position, his hands (as a unit) are brought up and pulled to the back-shoulder.

The bat-head is being accelerated into the normal launch position by the top-hand being pulled back at a faster rate than the bottom hand (THT). Therefore, the hands as a unit are being pulled to the back-shoulder but the top-hand is moving faster, or, arcing around the bottom-hand. During the pre-launch phase, one can clearly see the top-hand being pulled up and back (or toward the catcher).

The second phase of THT occurs during initiation as shoulder rotation begins. The direction of force applied by the top-hand at initiation continues to be rearward, but shoulder rotation accelerates the hands (as a unit) around and forward. Therefore, once shoulder rotates begins, the hands (as a unit) are viewed moving forward, but the rearward directional force of the top-hand causes it (and the bat-head) to arc around the bottom-hand.

Many good hitters do not use pre-launch torque in their swings. They apply THT at initiation as described for the second phase. Since they are applying THT as the shoulder start turning, the hands (as a unit) will always be viewed moving forward. --- Nike, the clips you are showing has the batters starting with the bat at (or past) the normal launch position.

Note: With linear mechanics, at initiation, the direction of force of the top-hand and the hands (as a unit) are both forward. This results in a straighter hand-path. --- With THT, the rearward directional force of the top-hand results in the hand-path being directed more parallel with the catcher’s shoulders into a more circular hand-path (CHC).

Jack Mankin
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RE: Hank Aaron, transfer mechanics
Posted by: Jack Mankin (MrBatspeed@aol.com on Fri May 11 22:08:42 2001

>>> Hi Jack,

Here's something some might enjoy. The HR king pulling the ball and going to right/center. I kinda wish I included a third swing, right field.

http://www.geocities.com/leebell1970/15.html
QuickLink

I believe these two swings to be good swings of Hank early in his career (I have many swings of Hank). Since there has been so much talk about weight shift etc. etc., I think a discussion on transfer mechanics in these two swing would be great.

I read some very solid information on the swing itself here about a month ago, smoothness, letting rotation bring the bat around, etc. I didn't comment, although it was some great stuff on the upperbody.

Both swings are in 'real time', no replays, extra frames, synced to contact, the only differences is between turning on one and going the other way. This isn't from release to contact, 11 frames, just after (that's where one started).

I agree going frame by frame is good for discussion, and I numbered the frames. If you think it needs to be slower, I can adjust to any speed. Shawn <<<

Hi Shawn

I am bringing your post back to the top of the board because a lot can be learned from the clip you presented. Viewing Aaron’s swing from this angle allows us to study a batting mechanic that is the KEY to bat speed development.

This clip is very similar to the clip of George Brett’s swing I was studying when the lights suddenly went on to my understanding of the baseball swing. There are key components found in the transfer mechanics of both Aaron and Brett swings that are not found in the average hitter. --- I had known for some time that about 50% of a great hitters bat speed came from the transfer of the body’s rotational energy (via a circular hand-path) and about 50% from torque. At that time I thought torque was almost entirely supplied by a mechanic I termed “bottom-hand-torque.”

In order to fully apply BHT to the bat requires the lead-shoulder be fully rotated and pulling the lead-arm back toward the catcher at contact. This appeared to be the main difference between the average and the great hitters. The great hitters had shoulder rotation and lead-arm pull through contact and the rest did not. But there were some exceptions to this rule that I could not explain. There were a few hitters (very few) like Juan Gonzales who could develop great bat speed and yet their shoulders did not fully rotate. It was obvious that little BHT was being applied. -- Things just did not add up. If the amount of torque (BHT) supplied to the bat was reduced – where did the energy needed to hit a ball that hard come from??

This was the dilemma that had plagued me for months as I viewed the George Brett clip. And now, thanks to Shawn, we can observe the same mechanics in the swing of Hank Aaron. --- What caught my attention about Brett’s swing was that he accelerated the bat-head BACK toward the catcher before he fully initiated the swing. The bat-head rotated nearly 45 degrees before shoulder rotation had begun and 80 or 90 degrees by the time the back-elbow lowered, and full rotation started.

I wondered - what forces could he be applying to the bat that would cause that reaction? So, I picked a bat and assumed his launch position as close as I could. While trying to attain the bat-head movement I had observed, it suddenly dawned on me – This is a perfect position to apply torque to the bat. By keeping the bottom-hand stationary at the armpit and pulling back with the top-hand (instead of extending it forward), I could accelerate the bat-head back toward the catcher very similar to what I observed in Brett’s swing.

So that was the missing link that had troubled me for so long. Great hitters do not solely rely applying bottom-hand-torque later in the swing, they also generate a great deal of torque back behind them before they turn and direct their energies toward the mound. --- Since this form of torque was mainly developed from the pulling back of the top-hand, I termed the mechanic; “Top-Hand-Torque.”

I think that if pry our attention away from the lower-body for a moment and spend more time studying upper-body and transfer mechanics, we can better understand those mechanics used by the great hitters that are not found in average hitters. --- The scope of this topic is much too great to be covered in one post. I will refer to other important aspects of Aaron’s (and Gonzales) mechanics in following post to this tread.

Jack Mankin